Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. For the centenary of Thomas Szasz (15 April 2020)

Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers

For the centenary of the birth of 

Thomas Szasz

15 April 1920 – 8 September 2012

Copyright © Anthony Stadlen 2020

This is a list of some remarkable people who have been imprisoned in ‘asylums’ and ‘psychiatric’ institutions on the grounds of what used to be called their ‘lunacy’ and nowadays is called their ‘mental health issues’. They used to be called ‘lunatics’ and now are called ‘patients’ or ‘service users’ – and, when they are locked up, ‘secure service users’. They are said to be ‘experiencing psychosis’; this masks the fact that ‘psychosis’ is attributed to them as the justification for locking them up. This does not mean that none of them had actually committed crimes for which, after a fair trial, they might legitimately have, for example, been given a prison sentence, of determinate length.

Some of these locked-up ‘patients’ have been the subjects of Inner Circle Seminars conducted by them in person (Vladimir Bukovsky, Kate Millett, Deirdre McCloskey) or by researchers or biographers who have made a deep study of them. In this list, such seminars are indicated by a link.

Further suggestions for this list will be welcome.

1. Alexander Cruden
31 May 1701 – 1 November 1770
Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 10. Alexander Cruden. Allan Ingram conducts Inner Circle Seminar 187 (10 February 2013)

2. Christopher Smart

11 April 1722 – 21 May 1771

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 13. Christopher Smart. Allan Ingram conducts Inner Circle Seminar 231 (22 January 2017)

3. Johann Christian Friedrich Hölderlin

20 March 1770 – 7 June 1843

4. Christiane Hegel
Sister of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
1773 –1832
Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 7. Christiane Hegel. Alexandra Birkert & Salomé Hangartner conduct Inner Circle Seminar 177 (20 May 2012)

5. Count István Széchenyi

21 September 1791 – 8 April 1860

6. John Clare

13 July 1793 – 20 May 1864

7. Nikolaus Lenau
25 August 1802 – 22 August 1850

8. Rosina Bulwer Lytton
Wife of Edward Bulwer Lytton
née Rosina Doyle Wheeler
4 November 1802 – 12 March 1882

9. John Thomas Perceval
14 February 1803 – 28 February 1876

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 12. John Perceval. Sarah Wise conducts Inner Circle Seminar 204 (22 June 2014)

10. Gérard de Nerval

22 May 1808 – 26 January 1855

11. David Ochterlony Dyce Sombre
18 December 1808 – 1 July 1851

12. Hersilie Rouy
1814 – 1881
Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 11. Hersilie Rouy. Susannah Wilson conducts Inner Circle Seminar 200 (16 February 2014)

13. Richard Dadd
1 August 1817 – 7 January 1886

14. Ignác Semmelweis
1 July 1818– 13 August 13 1865

15. Mary Ann (née Todd) Lincoln
Wife of President Abraham Lincoln
13 December 1818 – 16 July 1882

16. Charles Deas
22 December 1818 – 23 March 1867

17. Adèle Hugo
Daughter of Victor Hugo
24 August 1830 – 21 April 1915

18. Empress Carlota of Mexico

7 June 1840 – 19 January l927

19. Judge Daniel Paul Schreber
25 July 1842 – 14 April 1911

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up. 3. Schreber/Freud Centenary Symposium. Han Israëls, Zvi Lothane, Morton Schatzman conduct Inner Circle Seminar 164 (5 June 2011)

20. Friedrich Nietzsche

15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900

21. Georg Cantor
3 March [O.S. 19 February] 1845 – 6 January 1918

22. Jose Karl Rädler
1847 – 1917

23. Lady Harriet  (née Moncreiffe) Mordaunt

7 February 1848 – 9 May1906

24. Edward Paris Nesbit
1852 – 1927

25. Hans Rott
1 August 1858 – 25 June 1884

26. Rachel (née Sassoon) Beer

1858 – 29 April 1927

27. Hugo Wolf
13 March 1860 – 22 February 1903

28. Linda Sibelius
Sister of Jean Sibelius
27 November 1863 – 15 May 1932

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 5. Linda Sibelius. Gitta Henning conducts Inner Circle 170 (27 November 2011)

29. Séraphine (de Senlis) Louis
3 September 1864 – 11 December 1942

30. Camille Claudel
8 December 1864 – 19 October 1943

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 8. Camille Claudel. Susannah Wilson conducts Inner Circle Seminar 178 (17 June 2012)

31. Aby Warburg 

13 June 1866 – 26 October 1929

32. Otto Gross
17 March 1877 – 13 February 1920

33. Ida Irene Dalser
First wife of Benito Mussolini?
20 August 1880 – 11 December 1937

34. Gladys, Duchess of Marlborough
7 Feb 1882 – 1977

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 9. Gladys, Duchess of Marlborough. Hugo Vickers conducts Inner Circle Seminar 182 (14 October 2012)

35. Anna Wickham
1884 –1947

36. Alice, Princess Andrew
Mother-in-law of The Queen
25 February 1885 – 5 December 1969

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 4. Alice, Princess Andrew of Greece. Hugo Vickers conducts Inner Circle Seminar 165 (3 July 2011)

37. Ezra Pound
30 October 1885 – 1 November 1972

38. Georg Trakl

3 February 1887 – 3 November 1914

39. Vivienne (née Haigh-Wood) Eliot
First wife of T. S. Eliot
28 May 1888 – 22 January 1947
Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 6. Vivienne Eliot. Carole Seymour-Jones conducts Inner Circle Seminar 173 (19 February 2012)

40. Vaclav Nijinsky
12 March 1890 – 8 April 1950

41. Ivor Gurney
28 August 1890 – 26 December 1937

42. James Forrestal
15 February 1892 – 22 May 1949

43. Martín Ramírez
1895 –1963

44. Antonin Artaud
4 September 1896 – 4 March 1948

45. Emily Holmes Coleman
22 January 1899 – 13 June 1974

46. Antonia White
1 March 1899 – 10 April 1980

47. Ernest Hemingway
21 July 1899 – 2 July 1961

48. Zelda Fitzgerald
Wife of Scott Fitzgerald
24 July 1900 – March 10 1948

49. Carl Liebman
ca. 1900 – 1969

50. Anna Kavan
born Helen Emily Woods
10 April 1901 – 5 December 1968

51. Kurt Gödel
28 April 1906 – 14 January 1978 

52. Claire Delbos
First Wife of Olivier Messiaen
2 November 1906 – 22 April 1959

53. Lucia Joyce
Daughter of James Joyce
26 July 1907 – 12 December 1982

54. Rose Williams
Sister of Tennessee Williams
1909 – 12 September 1996

55. Frances Farmer
19 September 1913 – 1 August 1970

56. Vivien Leigh
5 November 1913 – 7 July 1967

57. Philip Graham
18 July 1915 – 3 August 1963

58. Robert Lowell
1 March 1917 – 12 September 1977

59. Leonora Carrington
6 April 1917 – 25 May 2011

60. Rosemary Kennedy
Sister of President Kennedy
13 September 1918 – 7 January 2005

61. Claude Eatherly
2 October 1918 – 1 July 1978
Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 15. Claude Eatherly. Hiroshima Bomb Pilot. Christopher John Müller and Anthony Stadlen conduct Inner Circle Seminar 260 (9 August 2020)

62. Louis Althusser
16 October 1918 – 22 October 1990

63. Ernst Herbeck
9 October 1920 – 11 September 1991

64. John Conrad Russell (4th Earl Russell)

16 November 1921 – 16 December 1987

65. Charles Mingus

22 April 1922 – 5 January 1979

66. Josef Hassid

28 December 1923 – 7 November 1950

67. Janet Frame
28 August 1924 – 29 January 2004

68. Bud Powell
27 September 1924 – 31 July 1966

69. Marilyn Monroe
1 June 1926 – 5 August 1962

70. Anne Sexton
9 November 1928 – 4 October 1974

71. Sylvia Plath
27 October 1932 – 11 February 1963

72. Kate Millett
14 September 1934 – 6 September 2017

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 2. Kate Millett. Kate Millett conducts Inner Circle Seminar 163 (8 May 2011)

73. Natalya Gorbanevskaya
26 May 1936 – 29 November 2013

74. Lady Lucan
born Veronica Duncan
1937 – 2017

75. Deirdre McCloskey

born Donald McCloskey
11 September 1942 –

 Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers 14. Deirdre McCloskey (1942– ). Deirdre McCloskey conducts Inner Circle Seminar 232 (5 February 2017)

76. Vladimir Konstantinovich Bukovsky
30 December 1942 – 27 October 2019

Daseinsanalysis, Existential Psychotherapy, Inner Circle Seminars: Anthony Stadlen, London W1, N22: Locked Up: ‘Patients’ and their Gaolers. 1. Vladimir Bukovsky. Vladimir Bukovsky conducts Inner Circle Seminar 161 (13 March 2011)

77. Wang Wanxing
10 October 1949 –

78. James Rhodes
6 March 1975 –